Hardened PNT / CRPA Antenna
Defensive position/navigation/timing protection for friendly platforms: controlled-reception-pattern (CRPA) antennas, multi-constellation GNSS receivers, and inertial backups that resist GPS jamming and spoofing of one's own assets. Indirectly counters adversary GNSS-attack drones and makes friendly drones resilient.
How It Works
CRPA antennas null out jamming directions while preserving satellite signals. Multi-constellation receivers (GPS+Galileo+GLONASS+BeiDou) tolerate single-system spoofing. Tactical-grade INS provides minutes-to-hours of autonomous PNT through GNSS outages. Together they keep friendly munitions and drones on target in EW-saturated environments.
Technical Specifications
Advantages
- + Protects friendly precision strike from GPS spoofing
- + Improves friendly drone survivability in EW-heavy areas
- + Fully passive: no offensive emissions
Disadvantages
- − Per-platform cost adds up at scale
- − Does not engage adversary drones, purely protective
- − INS drift accumulates over long outages
Tactical Deployment Tips
- ▸ Prioritize CRPA on long-range strike munitions and ISR drones
- ▸ Combine with INS for full GPS-denied operations
Limitations & Vulnerabilities
- ⚠ Defensive only: does not destroy threats
- ⚠ Cannot help platforms that don't carry the kit
Drones It Defeats
Drone types ranked by how well this system defeats them, tap any drone for detailsi
⚠ How Adversaries Defeat This System
Active enemy adaptations observed in the field, distinct from passive limitations above
- ▸ Pure protective measure: does not stop the drone, only its GNSS attack vector
- ▸ Useless against optical / inertial-only / fiber-optic threats
Sources & Further Reading
About our sources- PrimaryC4ADS: Above Us Only Stars: Exposing GPS Spoofing in Syria and Beyond (2019)
- PrimaryRUSI: Meatgrinder: Russian Tactics in the Second Year of Its Invasion of Ukraine (Watling & Reynolds, 2023)
- ReportingReuters: Russia can falsify GPS signals deep into Europe, Lithuania says (May 26, 2026)
- PrimaryBelfer Center: Navigating Without GPS: A Cascading Alt-PNT Architecture for American Defense (Jun 2026)